In vitro, cell culture techniques have been used to identify and characterize the types of the individual cell presented in human tumor.
Using techniques of cell dispersion with mechanical disruption and treatment with proteolytic enzymes, it was population of cell from original tumor tissue and to maintain these cells in culture.
This technique provided a means for more extensive study of the morphologic features and response of these cells to a variety of biochemical stimuli. The author investigated the behavior of the cells in culture of giant cell tumor and it became
possible to draw some suggestions concerning possible origin and biologic features of this tumor.
In response to a variety of stimuli lymphocytes secrete cytokines that are capable of altering host mechanism. These cytokines include interleukin, interferon and tumor necrosis factor. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is able to elicit hemorrhagic
necrosis
of tumor and interest in TNF has been considerable on account of its possible use in the treatment of neoplastic disease.
To investigate the antiproliferative effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-alpha), cultured mononuclear cell in the media containing TNF-alpha (100 units/㎖) were observed by light microscopy.
The number of viable cells growing in microtiter plate wells were estimated with a colorimetric assay and an automatic microplate scanning spectrophotometer.
Also superoxide dismutase was added to see whether it could reverse the inhibitory effects of TNF-alpha in proliferation or not.
@ES The results were as follows:
@EN 1. In vitro cell culture from human giant cell tumor of bone, three cell types were identified based on morphologic characteristics. Among them, multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear cells which resembled monocyte-macrophage cells did
not
persist in culture. The stromal cells were persistently proliferated, which were positively stained on nonspecific esterase and the staining was inhibited by sodium fluoride.
2. TNF-alpha, 100 units/㎖, induced cell shrinkage, and especially pyknotic and karyorrhectic change in nuclei in many stromal cells in culture.
3. TNF-alpha significantly inhibited cell proliferation and antiproliferative effect was dose dependent.
4. Simultaneous addition of superoxide dismutase with TNF-alpha lessened the antiproliferative effect of TNF-alpha on stromal cell of human giant cell tumor, which suggested that the antiproliferative effect of TNF-alpha on cultured stromal cell
was
mediated through the superoxide anion.
In summary, the stromal cell most likely represented the major neoplastic element of the giant cell tumor and the fact that nonspecific esterases were present in the stromal cell and those enzymes were inhibited by sodium fluoride allowed the
possibility that the stromal cell were derived from monocyte. TNF-alpha had antiproliferative effect of the stromal cell and it appeared that TNF-alpha can be used as antitumor agent. The antiproliferative effect of TNF-alpha on the stromal cell
may be
mediated by the superoxide anion.
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